Abdominal obesity can lead to complications primarily in which system due to mechanical changes?

Abdominal obesity has a significant impact on the respiratory system primarily due to mechanical changes. The accumulation of fat in the abdominal area can lead to an increase in intra-abdominal pressure, which in turn can affect lung function. This pressure can restrict the diaphragm's movement, reducing lung volumes and impairing respiratory mechanics. Additionally, abdominal obesity is associated with conditions such as obesity hypoventilation syndrome, where the excess fat can lead to diminished respiratory drive and reduced oxygen levels.

The altered anatomy caused by abdominal obesity may lead to difficulties in ventilation and an increased likelihood of sleep apnea, which significantly compromises respiratory health. Enhanced respiratory effort during rest and exercise can also occur, placing additional strain on the respiratory system.

In contrast, while the circulatory, immune, and nervous systems can be affected by abdominal obesity, these effects are not primarily driven by mechanical changes in the same way the respiratory system is. Therefore, the respiratory system is most directly affected by the mechanical implications of abdominal obesity.